Johannesburg

South Africa's gold-rush metropolis and its museum of modern history. Johannesburg grew from a tented gold camp in 1886 into Africa's largest inland city. Its story is told in the museums of the Constitutional Court precinct at Constitution Hill, where Gandhi and Mandela were once held, and at the Apartheid Museum beside Gold Reef City. To the south-west, Soweto's Vilakazi Street is the only street in the world to have housed two Nobel laureates, and the inner-city Maboneng and Braamfontein districts now hold the city's galleries, markets and live-music venues.